By Magdy
Abd Al-Shafy
The Holy Quran and the traditional sayings
of prophet Mohummed are the two legs of the Religion of Islam , The Holy
Quran contains scientific miracles that have been already confiremeds
scientifically . These Holy Scientific verses were revealed more than 1400
years ago , at the time of prophet Mohummed there were many other different
miracles to make people believe . Because Quran will be the last reveald Book
till life ends , Gods has made it overflowing Book with miracles that suit
every age and its kind of civilization . As we live now in the age of science
, we find that there are a lot of scientific miracles in Quran in addition to
the Hadiths (prophet's traditional sayings ) Here
is a wonderful miracle :
"Medically it is well known now that a
fly carries some pathagens on some parts of its body as mentioned by the
Prophet (before 1400 years. approx. when the humans knew very little of
modern medicine.) Similarly Allah created organisms and other mechanisms
which kill these pathagens e.g. penicillin Fungus kills pathogenic organisms
like Staphalococci and others etc. Recently experiments have been done under
supervision which indicate that a fly carries the disease (pathagens) plus
the antidote for those organ-isms. Ordinarily when a fly touches a liquid
food it infects the liquid with its pathogens, so it must be dipped in order
to release also the antidote for those pathogens to act as a counter balance
to the pathogens.
The creation of the head of the fly reflesct God's greatness
Prophet Mohummed says "If a fly
falls into one of your containers [of food or drink], immerse it completely
(falyaghmis-hu kullahu) before removing it, for under one of its wings there
is venom and under another there is its antidote.
"
The Prophet Muhammad - upon him and his House
blessings and peace - alluded to both facts 1,400 years ago when he said, as
narrated from Abu Hurayra and Abu Sa`id al-Khudri by al-Bukhari and in the
Sunan:
Only in modern times was it discovered that
the common fly carried parasitic pathogens for many diseases including
malaria, typhoid fever, cholera, and others. It was also discovered that the
fly carried parasitic bacteriophagic fungi capable of fighting the germs of
all these diseases.
The greatness of God's creation in the eyes of the fly
The Prophet Muhammad - upon him
and his House blessings and peace - alluded to both facts 1,400 years ago
when he said, as narrated from Abu Hurayra and Abu Sa`id al-Khudri by
al-Bukhari and in the Sunan:
If a fly falls into one of your containers
[of food or drink], immerse it completely (falyaghmis-hu kullahu) before
removing it, for under one of its wings there is venom and under another
there is its antidote.
It is established that house flies are
carriers of dangerous pathogens of animals and humans. Even the muscaphobic
critics of this hadith are forced to admit that no one at the time of the
Prophet, upon him peace, knew that flies carry such harmful organisms. Whence
the observation that "under one of its wings there is venom"?
Second, from the perspective of logic, if
the fly did not carry some sort of protection in the form of an antidote or
immunity, it would perish from its own poisonous burden and there would be no
fly left in the world.
Further, the transmission of what the fly carries
in or on its body is not an automatic fact. For example, the microbe
responsible for ulcers and other stomach ailments can live on houseflies,
although it remains to be seen whether flies transmit the pathogen.
There has long been evidence of bacterial
pathogen-suppressing micro-organisms living in houseflies. An article in Vol.
43 of the Rockefeller Foundation's Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)
p. 1037 stated:
The flies were given some of the cultured
microbes for certain diseases. After some time the germs died and no trace
was left of them while a germ-devouring substance formed in the flies -
bacteriophages. If a saline solution were to be obtained from these flies it
would contain bacteriophages able to suppress four kinds of disease-inducing
germs and to benefit immunity against four other kinds.
Cited in `Abd Allah al-Qusami, Mushkilat
al-Ahadith al-Nabawiyya wa-Bayanuha(p. 42).
More recently, a Colorado State University
website on entomology states, "Gnotobiotic [=germ-free] insects
(Greenberg et al, 1970) were used to provide evidence of the bacterial
pathogen-suppressing ability of the microbiota of Musca domestica
[houseflies] .... most relationships between insects and their microbiota
remain undefined. Studies with gnotobiotic locusts suggest that the
microbiota confers previously unexpected benefits for the insect host."
So then, flies are not only pathogenic
carriers but also carry microbiota that can be beneficent. The fly microbiota
were described as "longitudinal yeast cells living as parasites inside
their bellies. These yeast cells, in order to perpetuate their life cycle,
protrude through certain respiratory tubules of the fly. If the fly is dipped
in a liquid, the cells burst into the fluid and the content of those cells is
an antidote for the pathogens which the fly carries." Cf. Footnote in
the Translation of the Meanings of Sahih al-Bukhari by Muhammad
Muhsin Khan (7:372, Book 76Medicine, Chapter 58, Hadith
5782).
These fly microbiota are bacteriophagic or
"germ-eating". Bacteriophages are viruses of viruses. They attack
viruses and bacteria. They can be selected and bred to kill specific
organisms. The viruses infect a bacterium, replicate and fill the bacterial
cell with new copies of the virus, and then break through the bacterium's
cell wall, causing it to burst. The existence of similar bacteria-killing
mechanisms in two bacteriophages suggests that antibiotics for human
infections might be designed on the basis of these cell wall-destroying
proteins. Science 292 (June 2001) p. 2326-2329.
Bacteriophagic medicine was available in the
West before the forties but was discontinued when penicillin and other
"miracle antibiotics" came out. Bacteriophages continued to
flourish in Eastern Europe as an over-the-counter medicine. The
"O1-phage" has been used for diagnosis of all Salmonella types
while the prophylaxis of Shigella dysentery was conducted with the help of
phages. Annales Immunologiae Hungaricae No. 9 (1966) in
German.
"Phage therapy" is now making a
comeback in the West:
First named in 1917 by researcher Felix
d'Herelle at France 's Pasteur Institute, bacteriophages (or just phages for
short) are viruses that prey upon bacteria. They have a simple structure - a
DNA-filled head attached by a shaft to spidery "legs" that are used
to grip onto the surface of a bacterium. Once a phage latches onto a
bacterium, it injects its payload of genetic material into the bacterium's
innards. The bacterium then begins to rapidly produce "daughter"
copies of the phage -- until the bacterium becomes too full and ruptures,
sending hundreds of new phage particles into the open world.
Doctors used phages as medical treatment for
illnesses ranging from cholera to typhoid fevers. In some cases, a liquid
containing the phage was poured into an open wound. In others, they were
given orally, via aerosol, or injected. In some cases, the treatments worked
well - in others, they did not. When antibiotics came into the mainstream,
phage therapy largely faded in the west.
However, researchers in eastern Europe,
including the former Soviet Union , continued their studies of the potential
healing properties of phages. And now that strains of bacteria resistant to
standard antibiotics are on the rise, the idea of phage therapy has been
getting more attention in the worldwide medical community. Several
biotechnology companies have been formed in the U.S. to develop
bacteriophage-based treatments - many of them drawing on the expertise of
researchers from eastern Europe."
Research on the medical application of
bacteriophages is now considered to be in its most promising stage. A
University of Pittsburgh researcher said in June 2001, "Given the sheer
number and variety of bacteriophages lurking on the planet, the viruses may
represent a sizable untapped reservoir of new therapeutics." Science292
(June 2001) p. 2326-2329.
Possibilities for use of bacteriophages in
disease control is discussed in the article "Smaller Fleas... Ad
infinitum: Therapeutic Bacteriophage Redux" in Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [PNAS] Vol.
93 No. 8 (April 16, 1996), 3167-8.
The fact that the fly carried pathophagic or
germ-eating agents was known to the ancients, who noticed that wasp and
scorpion stings are remedied by rubbing the sore spot with a decapitated fly
as mentioned in al-Antaki's Tadhkira (1:140), al-`Ayni's
citation of Abu Muhammad Ibn al-Baytar al-Maliqi's (d. 646) al-Jami`
li-Mufradat al-Adwiya wal-Aghdhiya in `Umdat al-Qari (7:304),
and al-Sha`rani'sMukhtasar al-Suwaydi fil-Tibb (p. 98).
Avicenna preferred the use of a live chicken
slit in two and applied to the wound cf. Ibn al-Azraq, Tas-hîl al-
Manafi` (1306 ed. p. 171=1315 ed. p. 147). A similar use is current
even today for camel urine according to a University of Calgary website.
In the two world wars the wounds of soldiers
exposed to flies were observed to heal and scar faster than the wounds of
unexposed soldiers. Even today, fly larvae, or maggots, are used medicinally
to clean up festering wounds. They only eat dead tissue and leave healthy
tissue alone.
Is the fly ritually filthy (najis)? No. The
Jurists concur that the fly is pure (al-dhubab tahir) and does not defile a
liquid even if its quantity is small and even if it dies in it except,
according to al-Shafi`i, if one of the aspects of the liquid is affected
(smell, color, taste) cf. al-Baghawi, Sharh al-Sunna (11:260-261)
and al-Qastallani, Irshad al-Sari (5:304-305).
The Prophetic Sunna is an endless manual of
healthy living and practical husbandry for people of all walks of life,
especially the poor. The Prophet, upon him peace, at all times directed his
Umma to avert waste and penury even in unsanitary conditions. Just as the
hadith on camel milk and urine reveals knowledge of dietetics and natural
medicine, so does the hadith of the fly reveal knowledge of preventive
medicine and immunology. In this respect the command in these hadiths, as in
many others, denotes an advisory Sunna of permissibility, not a literal
obligation. "The command [of immersing the fly] denotes counsel (al-amru
lil-irshad) so as to counter disease with cure." Al-Qastallani, Irshad
al-Sari(5:304).
Despite the abundance of supporting evidence
for the authenticity of these medicinal narrations (camel and fly) on the one
hand and for their scientific viability on the other, certain voices continue
to reject them on both counts. Principle skepticism of authentically
transmitted narrations that pertain to facts demonstrated by ancient and
modern science, or whose scientific worth is just now coming into view, is
the wont of stagnant minds and diseased hearts for which there is no cure
save the mercy of our Lord.
Now researchers are developing a new antibiotic
made of the antidode living on the fly's surface
here is a new research
titled "The new buzz on antibiotics" that was done only a weak ago
...read this study:
The surface of flies is the last place you
would expect to find antibiotics, yet that is exactly where a team of
Australian researchers is concentrating their efforts
Working on the theory that flies must have remarkable antimicrobial defences to survive rotting dung, meat and fruit, the team at the Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, set out to identify those antibacterial properties manifesting at different stages of a fly’s development.
"Our research is a small part of a
global research effort for new antibiotics, but we are looking where we
believe no-one has looked before,” said Ms Joanne Clarke, who presented the
group’s findings at the Australian
Society for Microbiology Conference in Melbourne this
week. The project is part of her PhD thesis.
The scientists tested four different species of fly: a house fly, a sheep blowfly, a vinegar fruit fly and the control, a Queensland fruit fly which lays its eggs in fresh fruit. These larvae do not need as much antibacterial compound because they do not come into contact with as much bacteria.
Flies go through the life stages of larvae
and pupae before becoming adults. In the pupae stage, the fly is encased in a
protective casing and does not feed. "We predicted they would not
produce many antibiotics," said Ms Clarke.
They did not. However the larvae all showed
antibacterial properties (except that of the Queensland fruit fly control).
As did all the adult fly species, including
the Queensland fruit fly (which at this point requires antibacterial
protection because it has contact with other flies and is mobile).
Such properties were present on the fly surface in all four species, although antibacterial properties occur in the gut as well. "You find activity in both places," said Ms Clarke. "The reason we concentrated on the surface is because it is a simpler extraction.” The antibiotic material is extracted by drowning the flies in ethanol, then running the mixture through a filter to obtain the crude extract. When this was placed in a solution with various bacteria including E.coli, Golden Staph, Candida (a yeast) and a common hospital pathogen, antibiotic action was observed every time. "We are now trying to identify the specific antibacterial compounds," said Ms Clarke. Ultimately these will be chemically synthesised. Because the compounds are not from bacteria, any genes conferring resistance to them may not be as easily transferred into pathogens. It is hoped this new form of antibiotics will have a longer effective therapeutic life. Danny Kingsley - ABC Science Online
The fly carries a disease and the cure on
both its wings: Mentioned in Islam and confirmed by Science (Bacteriophages):
Refrences
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Thursday, 22 March 2012
THE FLY
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